Matching
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Match each item with the correct statement below. a. | conduction | e. | ozone | b. | convection | f. | radiation | c. | nitrogen | g. | smog | d. | oxygen | h. | water vapor | | | | |
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1.
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the
transfer of energy by rays or waves
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2.
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the
transfer of energy that occurs when molecules bump one another
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3.
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makes
up from zero to four percent of the atmosphere
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4.
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the
most common gas in the atmosphere
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5.
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a gas
made up of three oxygen molecules bonded together that occurs naturally in the upper
atmosphere
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6.
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transfer of heat by the flow of a heated material
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7.
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makes
up 21 percent of the atmosphere
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8.
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a
type of pollution
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Completion
Complete each sentence or
statement.
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Figure
15-1
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9.
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In
Figure 15-1, cool air is more dense and forces up ____________________ air.
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10.
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Figure 15-1 is an example of heat transfer by ____________________.
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11.
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Figure 15-1 shows how a(n) ____________________ breeze works.
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12.
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The
breeze in Figure 15-1 occurs because ____________________ heats and cools more quickly than
____________________.
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13.
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As
you go higher in the troposphere, the temperature ____________________.
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Short Answer
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14.
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Identify A-D of the water cycle in Figure 15-2. Use the terms precipitation,
evaporation, groundwater, and condensation.
Figure 15-2
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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15.
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Air
pressure is greatest ____ because there are more molecules of air pushing down from
above. a. | in the
exosphere | c. | in the
troposphere | b. | at the top of the mountain | d. | at sea level | | | | |
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16.
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The
____ is caused by the Earth's rotation. a. | sea breeze | c. | jet stream | b. | land
breeze | d. | Coriolis
effect | | | | |
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17.
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Electrically charged particles are found primarily in the ____. a. | ionosphere | c. | stratosphere | b. | troposphere | d. | exosphere | | | | |
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18.
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There
are ____ molecules of air at high elevations, so air pressure is less. a. | more | c. | fewer | b. | no | d. | the same number of | | | | |
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19.
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Chlorofluorocarbons may be harming the ozone layer by ____. a. | destroying ozone
molecules | c. | blocking
ultraviolet radiation | b. | adding more ozone molecules | d. | destroying oxygen molecules | | | | |
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20.
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The
____ are responsible for the movement of much of the weather across the United States and
Canada. a. | trade
winds | c. | prevailing
westerlies | b. | polar easterlies | d. | doldrums | | | | |
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21.
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____
is the transfer of energy in the form of rays or waves. a. | Conduction | c. | Radiation | b. | Condensation | d. | Convection | | | | |
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22.
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Cold
air has more molecules occupying a cubic centimeter of space than warm air; therefore, it has ____
pressure. a. | lower | c. | higher | b. | the same | d. | half the | | | | |
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23.
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Air
above the equator is heated more than at any other place on Earth because solar rays strike the
equator ____. a. | at a 180°
angle | c. | more
directly | b. | at a 45° angle | d. | none of the above | | | | |
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24.
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____
is the transfer of heat by the flow of a heated material. a. | Conduction | c. | Condensation | b. | Convection | d. | Radiation | | | | |
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25.
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If
the ozone layer disappeared, life on Earth would be exposed to ____ concentrations of ultraviolet
radiation. a. | lower | c. | no change
in | b. | higher | d. | none of the
above | | | | |
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26.
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The
air above the ____ rises because it has low density and low pressure. a. | south
pole | c. | equator | b. | arctic circle | d. | north pole | | | | |
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27.
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The
____ are a windless zone at the equator. a. | prevailing westerlies | c. | jet streams | b. | polar
easterlies | d. | doldrums | | | | |
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28.
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Steady winds between the equator and 30° latitude north or south are known as the
____. a. | doldrums | c. | polar
easterlies | b. | trade winds | d. | jet stream | | | | |
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29.
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The
process of water vapor changing to a liquid is called ____. a. | evaporation | c. | precipitation | b. | condensation | d. | convection | | | | |
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30.
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When
cool, dense air from over the water flows inland, it's called a ____. a. | land
breeze | c. | sea
breeze | b. | jet stream | d. | polar easterly | | | | |
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31.
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The
____ blends into outer space. a. | stratosphere | c. | mesosphere | b. | exosphere | d. | troposphere | | | | |
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32.
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The
____ contains the highest concentration of ozone. a. | stratosphere | c. | troposphere | b. | mesosphere | d. | exosphere | | | | |
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33.
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The
____ is the layer of the atmosphere nearest to Earth's surface. a. | ionosphere | c. | stratosphere | b. | troposphere | d. | exosphere | | | | |
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34.
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The
____ is the source of all energy in our atmosphere. a. | Moon | c. | Sun | b. | Coriolis effect | d. | water cycle | | | | |
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35.
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Some
scientists hypothesize that Earth's ozone layer is being damaged by ____. a. | plant life on
Earth | c. | global
warming | b. | chlorofluorocarbons | d. | ultraviolet radiation | | | | |
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36.
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Temperatures in the thermosphere and exosphere are ____. a. | very
cold | c. | constantly
changing | b. | hot and cold | d. | very warm | | | | |
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37.
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Sea
and land breezes are caused because ____. a. | air moves more easily over water than over
land | b. | the land heats
and cools more slowly than the water | c. | the land heats and cools more quickly than the
water | d. | air moves more easily over land than over
water | | |
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38.
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Not
all areas on Earth's surface receive the same amount of radiation because Earth's surface
____. a. | has continents
on it | c. | is mostly
water | b. | is curved | d. | is flat | | | | |
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39.
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Reflection and absorption by the atmosphere prevent some ____ from reaching Earth's
surface. a. | nitrogen | c. | radiation | b. | oxygen | d. | ozone | | | | |
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40.
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The
transfer of energy that occurs when molecules bump into one another is called ____. a. | radiation | c. | condensation | b. | conduction | d. | convection | | | | |
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41.
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In
general, atmospheric pressure is greatest near Earth's surface and ____ as you move upward away from
sea level. a. | decreases | c. | doubles | b. | increases | d. | stays the same | | | | |
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42.
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When
Earth receives energy from the Sun, ____. a. | some energy is reflected back into
space | b. | some is absorbed by the atmosphere | c. | some is absorbed
by land and water on Earth's surface | d. | all of the above | | |
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43.
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The
flow of air caused by ____ and the Coriolis effect creates distinct wind patterns on Earth's
surface. a. | differences in
heating | c. | magnetic
fields | b. | the ozone layer | d. | the jet streams | | | | |
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44.
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There
is little wind in the doldrums because the air ____. a. | is moving
down | b. | expands,
creating a zone of low pressure | c. | is motionless | d. | moves
westward | | |
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