Matching
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Match each term with the correct sentence below. a. | recycling | g. | sanitary
landfills | b. | rainwater | h. | 30 | c. | species | i. | pollution | d. | 310,000 | j. | hazardous
substances | e. | groundwater | k. | 260,000 | f. | composting | l. | contour
plowing | | | | |
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1.
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Each
year ______ km2 of rain forests are destroyed on Earth.
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2.
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Over
half of our garbage goes into ______.
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3.
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National parks in the United States are protected from much ______ and
destruction.
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4.
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Although sanitary landfills are lined, some ______ still leak(s) into the
soil.
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5.
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One
way to reduce soil loss is by ______.
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6.
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The
United States uses ______ percent of the world's natural resources.
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7.
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When
forests disappear, ______ may also disappear.
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8.
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The
term ______ means piling up grass and leaves so they can decompose.
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9.
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Each
day, more than ______ people are added to Earth's population.
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10.
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Sanitary landfills are lined to help reduce ______ pollution.
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11.
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Paving over land prevents ______ from soaking into soil.
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12.
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Natural resources are saved, and damage to the environment is reduced by reducing,
reusing, and ______.
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Completion
Complete each sentence or
statement.
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13.
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By
recycling, a person can reduce the amount of trash he or she generates in a lifetime by
____________________ percent.
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14.
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If
Earth's resources disappear, the human population will reach its ____________________.
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15.
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In
some places with mandatory recycling laws, people pay lower trash-collection fees if they
____________________.
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16.
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Substances that are poisonous, cause cancer, or can catch fire are called
____________________.
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17.
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The
volume of water flowing past a point per unit of time is referred to as
____________________.
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18.
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Insect sprays, drain cleaners, and batteries are examples of
____________________.
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Short Answer
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19.
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If a
law required all newspapers in the nation to use recycled paper and it takes 500,000 trees each week
for all newspapers nationwide, how many trees would be saved in one year? How would this affect the
environment?
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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20.
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A
growing population puts demands on the land for ____. a. | food | c. | landfills for
trash | b. | living space | d. | all of the above | | | | |
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21.
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Composting means piling up grass and leaves so they can be ____. a. | used for cattle
feed | c. | collected
separately from garbage | b. | allowed to gradually decompose | d. | collected with garbage | | | | |
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22.
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____
farming, which involves not plowing the soil from harvest until planting, helps reduce
erosion. a. | Organic | c. | Sanitary | b. | No-till | d. | Contour | | | | |
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23.
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An
increase in human ____ has led to the population explosion. a. | fatality | c. | disease | b. | reproduction | d. | none of the above | | | | |
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24.
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When
humans recycle, they reduce the damage caused by ____. a. | mining | c. | manufacturing | b. | cutting trees | d. | all of the above | | | | |
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25.
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When
an object is recyclable, it ____. a. | is unusable | b. | is suitable to
be processed and used again | c. | does not help the environment | d. | none of the
above | | |
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26.
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In a
____, each day's deposit is covered with dirt, which prevents the wind from blowing the garbage away
and also reduces the odor from decaying waste. a. | garbage dump | c. | landfill | b. | hazardous waste
disposal site | d. | sanitary
landfill | | | | |
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27.
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Recycling laws save ____. a. | energy | c. | landfill space | b. | natural
resources | d. | all of the
above | | | | |
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28.
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Reduced vegetation on Earth results in ____. a. | less room for
humans | c. | increased
habitats | b. | more carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere | d. | more oxygen in
the atmosphere | | | | |
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Figure
20-1
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29.
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As
Figure 20-1 shows, the global population in 2000 was approximately ____. a. | 60
billion | c. | 1
billion | b. | 3 billion | d. | 6.05 billion | | | | |
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30.
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According to Figure 20-1, there were ____ people in 1960. a. | 1.0
billion | c. | 600
million | b. | 3.0 billion | d. | 5.3 billion | | | | |
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31.
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According to Figure 20-1, ____ additional people were added to Earth's population
between 1700 and 1810. a. | 40 million | c. | 400 million | b. | 4
million | d. | 500
billion | | | | |
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32.
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As
Figure 20-1 shows, it took ____ years for Earth's population to grow from 1 billion to 3
billion.
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33.
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About
30 to 50 percent of all species are found ____. a. | in rain forests | c. | on the prairie | b. | on
farms | d. | in the
ocean | | | | |
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34.
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The
ways each person in an industrialized nation affects the environment include ____. a. | generating
waste | c. | treating water
to clean it | b. | using fossil fuels for energy | d. | all of the above | | | | |
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35.
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____
is the careful use of resources to reduce damage to the environment. a. | Conservation | c. | Overgrazing | b. | Recycling | d. | Deforestation | | | | |
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36.
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Population explosion refers to the ____. a. | world population
in 1810 | b. | number of people who live in poverty | c. | estimated world
population in 2025 | d. | increased rate at which the population is
growing | | |
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37.
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Eroded topsoil may take ____ years to replace in some places.
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38.
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Recycling materials helps save ____. a. | energy | c. | both a and
b | b. | landfill
space | d. | neither a nor
b | | | | |
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39.
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The
approximate number of people added each day to the world population is ____. a. | 600 | c. | 120,000 | b. | 26,000 | d. | 260,000 | | | | |
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40.
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____
are substances that contaminate the environment. a. | Fossil fuels | c. | Pollutants | b. | Stream
discharges | d. | Enzymes | | | | |
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41.
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____
make(s) up about 40 percent of the mass of trash. a. | Food | c. | Aluminum cans | b. | Compost | d. | Paper | | | | |
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42.
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During phytoremediation, roots of certain plants can absorb ____ from contaminated
soil. a. | compost | c. | enzymes | b. | metals | d. | chemicals | | | | |
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43.
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Paving land ____ stream discharge. a. | prevents | c. | increases | b. | decreases | d. | does not
affect | | | | |
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44.
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During your lifetime, if you don't recycle, you will generate trash equal to at least
____ times your mass.
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45.
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Earth's population has rapidly increased because of all of the following EXCEPT
____. a. | better
sanitation | c. | better
nutrition | b. | rate of reproduction has
decreased | d. | modern
medicine | | | | |
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46.
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By
the time you are 75 years old, you will have produced enough garbage to equal the mass of ____
African elephants.
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47.
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Sixteen million km2 of Earth's land is used ____. a. | in
construction | c. | as
landfills | b. | for industry | d. | as farmland | | | | |
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48.
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People can help protect the environment by ____. a. | reusing | c. | composting | b. | recycling | d. | all of the above | | | | |
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49.
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A
land use that does NOT cause environmental problems is ____. a. | using
herbicides | c. | cutting
trees | b. | grazing livestock | d. | setting aside natural preserves | | | | |
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50.
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A
person in an industrialized nation can help protect the environment by ____. a. | using less
energy | c. | using more
energy | b. | cutting down trees | d. | creating trash for landfills | | | | |
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51.
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One
cause of the population explosion is ____. a. | better nutrition | c. | air pollution | b. | poor
nutrition | d. | cutting
trees | | | | |
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