Completion
Complete each sentence or
statement.
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1.
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Large-grained, light-colored rocks that form deep inside Earth are composed of
____________________ magma.
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2.
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Lava
flowing from volcanoes in Hawaii is ____________________ magma.
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3.
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Limestone is a(n) ____________________ rock.
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4.
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Earth
science is the study of Earth and ____________________.
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5.
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Gneiss is a(n) ____________________ rock.
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6.
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Moral values
about what is good or bad are called ____________________.
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7.
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Granite is a(n) ____________________ rock.
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8.
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Rocks
that form from ____________________ magma have mineral compositions between those of granitic and
basaltic magma.
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9.
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A rule that
describes the behavior of something in nature is a scientific ____________________.
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Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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10.
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The variable
being measured is the ____. a. | dependent variable | c. | independent variable | b. | control | d. | constant | | | | |
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11.
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A
classification of metamorphic rocks would include whether they are ____. a. | chemical or
organic | c. | basaltic or
granite | b. | foliated or nonfoliated | d. | intrusive or extrusive | | | | |
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12.
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Metamorphic rocks with a non-foliated texture show metamorphic change that involves
____. a. | growth in the
size of the mineral grains | b. | mineral grains arranging into layers | c. | mineral grains
flattening under pressure | d. | mineral grain melting | | |
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13.
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The
pressure and heat that produce magma are caused in part by ____. a. | radioactive
elements | c. | lava | b. | gravity | d. | magnetic fields | | | | |
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14.
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To show
distances, a ____ is used on maps. a. | map scale | c. | contour line | b. | map
legend | d. | contour
interval | | | | |
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15.
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If a
topographic map has a contour interval of 10 m and the map has five contour lines with the lowest
elevation shown as 15 m, the elevation of the highest line is ____.
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16.
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Lava
that cools quickly forms ____ rocks. a. | extrusive metamorphic | c. | intrusive metamorphic | b. | extrusive
igneous | d. | intrusive
igneous | | | | |
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17.
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An
instrument that measures air pressure is a(n) ____. a. | hygrometer | c. | thermometer | b. | anemometer | d. | barometer | | | | |
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18.
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Sedimentary rocks formed from the remains of once-living things are
____. a. | metamorphic | c. | organic | b. | detrital | d. | none of the above | | | | |
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19.
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Scientists
use the ____ to measure wind speed. a. | barometer | c. | thermometer | b. | hygrometer | d. | anemometer | | | | |
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20.
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Coastal
plains are also referred to as ____. a. | interior plains | c. | lowlands | b. | plateaus | d. | marshes | | | | |
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21.
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When
lava cools at Earth's surface, ____ igneous rocks are formed. a. | coarse-grained | c. | metamorphic | b. | extrusive | d. | intrusive | | | | |
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22.
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When
magma cools deep inside Earth, ____ igneous rocks are formed. a. | fine-grained | c. | intrusive | b. | detrital | d. | extrusive | | | | |
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23.
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Metamorphic rocks that show layers of dark minerals alternating with layers of light
minerals are classified as ____. a. | intrusive | c. | foliated | b. | extrusive | d. | nonfoliated | | | | |
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Figure 4-1
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24.
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Figure 4-1 shows that sedimentary rocks are changed to sediments by
____. a. | heat and
pressure | c. | cementation | b. | weathering and erosion | d. | compaction | | | | |
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25.
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Figure 4-1 shows that the processes involved in the rock cycle include all of the
following EXCEPT ____. a. | erosion | c. | compaction | b. | condensation | d. | weathering | | | | |
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26.
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The
____ in Figure 4-1 shows how one rock changes into another. a. | rock
cycle | c. | formation of
crystals | b. | melting process | d. | none of the above | | | | |
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27.
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Fine-grained, extrusive rocks include all of the following EXCEPT
____. a. | basalt | c. | scoria | b. | granite | d. | pumice | | | | |
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28.
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Water vapor
in the air is measured with the ____. a. | anemometer | c. | thermometer | b. | barometer | d. | hygrometer | | | | |
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29.
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All
of the following conditions in Earth can cause metamorphic rocks to form EXCEPT
____. a. | heat | c. | the presence of
hot, watery fluids | b. | exposure to air | d. | pressure | | | | |
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30.
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An
igneous rock can form from ____ magma. a. | basaltic | c. | granitic | b. | andesitic | d. | all of the
above | | | | |
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31.
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If you
travel ____ across the International Date Line, you lose one day. a. | east | c. | south | b. | west | d. | north | | | | |
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32.
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The ____ is
the standard by which your results can be compared. a. | control | c. | constant | b. | independent variable | d. | dependent variable | | | | |
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33.
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Conclusions
to scientific experiments should be based on ____. a. | hypotheses | c. | personal
biases | b. | precise measurements and tests | d. | religious beliefs | | | | |
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34.
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Foliated rocks are distinguished by ____. a. | layers | c. | air
holes | b. | large mineral grains | d. | lack of layers | | | | |
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35.
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Metamorphic rocks can undergo all of the following changes EXCEPT
____. a. | melting | b. | an exchange of atoms between minerals | c. | the formation of
new, bigger minerals | d. | the flattening of mineral grains | | |
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36.
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Changes that take place in rocks never create or destroy ____. a. | rocks | c. | matter | b. | crystals | d. | minerals | | | | |
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37.
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The variable
that changes in an experiment is called the ____. a. | control | c. | dependent variable | b. | independent
variable | d. | constant | | | | |
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38.
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To determine
an exact location on a map, you can use ____. a. | latitude | c. | meridians | b. | longitude | d. | both a and b | | | | |
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39.
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Each time
zone is separated from the next by ____ of time on a clock. a. | 1 1/2
hours | c. | 2
hours | b. | 1/2 hour | d. | 1 hour | | | | |
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40.
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A hypothesis
is a ____. a. | control | c. | conclusion | b. | experiment | d. | guess | | | | |
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41.
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Igneous rocks that form ____ the surface are intrusive. a. | above | c. | on | b. | below | d. | all of the above | | | | |
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42.
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The
crystals that form in slowly cooled magma produce ____ mineral grains. a. | fine-grained | c. | large | b. | invisible | d. | tiny | | | | |
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43.
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Granitic igneous rocks are all of the following EXCEPT ____. a. | light-colored | c. | lower in density
than basaltic rocks | b. | high in silica content | d. | high in iron content | | | | |
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44.
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All of the
following are true about contour lines EXCEPT that ____. a. | whenever they cross
streams, contour lines form Vs that point downstream | b. | whenever they cross
streams, contour lines form Vs that point upstream | c. | they never
cross | d. | they are close around hills and basins or
depressions | | |
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45.
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If it is
2:00 A.M. on Saturday in New York, the time and day in California would be ____. a. | 11:00 P.M. on
Saturday | c. | 5:00 A.M. on
Saturday | b. | 11:00 P.M. on Friday | d. | none of the above | | | | |
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46.
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Variables
that do not change in an experiment are the ____. a. | constants | c. | dependent variables | b. | controls | d. | independent
variables | | | | |
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47.
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To determine
distance in degrees east and west, you would use lines of ____. a. | latitude | c. | the
equator | b. | contour | d. | longitude | | | | |
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48.
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Basaltic igneous rocks are ____. a. | light-colored | c. | rich in iron and magnesium | b. | lower in density
than granitic rocks | d. | both a and
b | | | | |
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49.
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Sedimentary rocks formed from broken fragments of other rocks are
____. a. | chemical | c. | organic | b. | detrital | d. | none of the above | | | | |
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50.
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New York
time is three hours later than Los Angeles time. If it's ____ in Los Angeles, it is noon in New
York. a. | 3
A.M. | c. | 9
A.M. | b. | 9
P.M. | d. | 3
P.M. | | | | |
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